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Nevertheless, such multiple-step approaches usually involve tedious procedures and extensive instrumentation. Furthermore, the fabricated devices may not perform consistently and the resulted experimental data may be unpredictable. Here, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoresist Seebio Light-Activated Acid Producer] -step approach is developed for the straightforward fabrication of microfluidic channels with different geometric cross sections through PDMS sequential wet etching processes, that introduces etchant into channels of planned single-layer layouts embedded in PDMS materials. Compared to the existing methods for manufacturing PDMS microfluidic channels with different geometries, the developed one-step approach can significantly simplify the process to fabricate channels with non-rectangular sections or various heights. Consequently, the technique is a way of constructing complex microfluidic channels, which provides a fabrication solution for the advancement of A 3D polydimethylsiloxane microhourglass-shaped channel array made by reflowing photoresist structures for engineering a blood capillary network.Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Mesoscale Chemical Systems Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands; Applied Microfluidics for BioEngineering Research Group, TechMed Institute, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands.<br /><br />University of Twente, The Netherlands.Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, The University of Twente, The Netherlands.MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands.Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, The This paper describes an innovative yet straightforward fabrication technique to create three-dimensional microstructures with controllable tapered geometries by combining conventional photolithography and thermal reflow of photoresist. Positive photoresist-based microchannel structures with varying width-to-length ratios were reflowed after their fabrication to generate three-dimensional funnel structures with varying curvatures. A polydimethylsiloxane hourglass-shaped microchannel array was next cast on these photoresist structures, and primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells were cultured in the device to engineer an artificial capillary network. Our work demonstrates that this cost-effective and straightforward fabrication technique has great potential in engineering three-dimensional microstructures for biomedical and biotechnological applications such as blood vessel regeneration strategies, drug screening for vascular diseases, microcolumns for bioseparation, and other fluid Coextruded, aligned, and gradient-modified poly(ε-caprolactone) fibers as University , 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.<br /><br />Polymeric fibers are of increasing interest to regenerative medicine, as materials made from these fibers are porous, allowing for cell infiltration, influx of nutrients, and efflux of waste products. Recently, multilayered coextrusion has emerged as a scalable and rapid fabrication method to yield microscale to submicron fibers. In this report, we describe the multilayered coextrusion of aligned poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers, followed by a simple photochemical patterning to create surface-immobilized gradients onto the polymer fibers. PCL fibers were photochemically decorated with a linear gradient of propargyl benzophenone using a gradient photomask to control light source intensity. The pendant alkynes were then able to undergo the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction with an azide-modified IKVAV peptide to further functionalize the surface. [http://allinno.com/news/166.html Seebio Photoresponsive Acid Precursor] -modified IKVAV fibers were evaluated for neural cell adhesion and neural differentiation, using PC-12 cells cultured onto the fibers. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoacid Learn more] aligned gradient fibers provided directional cues for neurite outgrowth and alignment of neural cells, as observed by cellular elongation, neurite differentiation, and orientation.<br /><br /> The work presented herein describes a scalable fiber system combined with simple chemical patterning to generate aligned fibers with controlled surface gradients as cell-seeding Surface-dependent, ligand-mediated photochemical etching of CdSe nanoplatelets.Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Photochemical etching of CdSe nanoplatelets was studied to establish a relationship between the nanocrystal surface and the photochemical activity of an exciton. Nanoplatelets were synthesized in a mixture of octylamine and oleylamine for the wurtzite (W) lattice or in octadecene containing oleic acid for the zinc-blende (ZB) lattice. For photochemical etching, nanoplatelets were dispersed in chloroform containing oleylamine and tributylphosphine in the absence or presence of oleic acid and then irradiated with light at the band-edge absorption maxima. Etching phenomena were characterized using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The absorption spectra of both W and ZB CdSe nanoplatelets showed that the exciton was confined in one dimension along the thickness.