11-Robot-Development-Trends-m

The development of robotics will largely rely on related industries: the science of materials and advances in computer technology. Analysts have identified the main trends in the industry for one more 5yrs.

People tend to overestimate the impact of the latest technology soon and underestimate its impact ultimately.

But it doesn't negate the truth that the expert community, the state and business require a roadmap to the growth and development of innovative industries later on.

The authors of the annual survey with the home and industrial robots market discussed with experts the primary trends in this field plus the report for 2021 presented 11 areas that next 5 years could have the maximum impact on the continuing development of robotics on earth.

1. New materials

Even when we evaluate the simplest industrial manipulators, in 2019 there are approximately 3.5 thousand people per robot, and also this ratio isn't likely to grow without radical modifications in the science of materials that robotics is made, the authors with the review are sure. They pay special awareness of two promising materials:

gallium nitride (GaN), that may successfully replace silicon for transistor manufacturing;

graphene, a super-thin and super-strong material from which it's possible to produce actuators for robots, new batteries and even more.

2. New causes of energy, technologies for its collection and storage

Considering how much heat generated by the combustion of gasoline along with the human requirement of energy, you can easily calculate that when people were eating gasoline, they'd really need 150 g of fuel daily. In turn, electric motors are even less cost effective than an internal combustion engine. In order for robots as a way to tackle humans within their capabilities, breakthrough technologies are expected of their energy supply.

For example, here is the improvement of current lithium batteries, the creation of new batteries determined by hydrogen, and so forth. Also, we should remember about alternative, renewable energy sources. Finally, a technology may be carried out to recharge the robot remotely, for example, from energizes that are part of the ground or walls.

3. Interaction of sets of robots and people

These are unmanned traffic management systems. To avoid Programmable robot and accidents, transport robots have to have a channel of communication both with humans and with each other.

4. Navigation in extreme conditions

Robots must understand what they are doing and where they're moving not just under normal human conditions, and also where people just can't make it happen: by way of example, in high altitude climates or on the seabed.

In addition, situations can not be excluded in the event the robot will continue to be completely without communication (by way of example, underground or perhaps the big event of a satellite breakdown). In this case, you will need to produce a fully autonomous navigation system for unmanned devices. Similar developments already exist both abroad as well as in Russia.

5. Machine learning

The growth and development of artificial intelligence is necessary to create truly useful and "smart" robots. Over the next few years, Sberbank analysts identify four fundamental vectors of development in this region:

improving the efficiency of employing neural networks by making their architecture more technical or reducing power consumption;

teaching algorithmic procedures rather than hard programming, that may simplify and, therefore, increase the operation of acquiring skills through the machine;

mass adoption of cloud services for machine learning;

improvement of motional actions of robots as a result of artificial intelligence technologies.

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6. Human-machine interaction

The robot economy, like all other innovative technologies, is approximately increasing productivity. That is, automation is not a finish alone, but a power tool to improve economic efficiency. The authors in the review are inclined to think that the most effective result is going to be shown not by replacing people who have robots, but by their cooperation. According to them, the interaction of robots and humans will establish in four main areas:

a robot as an instrument that repeats human capabilities (for instance, exoskeletons and prostheses);

robot as a power tool that expands human capabilities;

an avatar robot, that's, a product remotely controlled by a person in hard-to-reach places;

social interaction using a person, for example voice assistants and chat bots.

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7. Manipulation robotics

The authors from the Sberbank report think that over the following five years were unlikely to determine a breakthrough in hardware technologies for robots ("hardware"), but the progression of software will raise the capabilities and reduce the expense of manipulation technology.

First of, we are speaking about helping the feedback of sensors. Robot, grabbing an object, will have to inform the operator at length about the weight, dimensions, compression force, etc. Also, new computer technologies is likely to make it possible to program more advanced trajectories of movement of manipulators.

8. Sensorics

One of the definitions in the thought of "robot", that the analysts of Sberbank stick to, says that it is a device which is capable of perceive the world around it by making use of sensors, process the signals received like this and react accordingly. Reducing the cost, simplifying and helping the capabilities of sensorics is one from the key trends inside the development of robotics within the long term.

9. Robosimulators

Large levels of data are needed to train robots. To receive them, it is just not necessary to create a model of an robot - often it could be economically unprofitable, often even dangerous for a person. Therefore, the amount of coming of computer simulators of an robot will still only increase with the expansion of automation.

10. New drive

Fundamentally, the principles of producing drive mechanisms are unlikely to improve, but even here the authors in the review look for a field for innovation. In addition to the new super-strong materials specified inside the first paragraph, these might be new motors and gearboxes.

11. Design and production

Again, this can be primarily about software innovation. Libraries of electronic components, high-quality digital diaries, virtual reality tools can simplify the merchandise design process.

At the assembly stage, the progress of robotics will likely be stimulated with the emergence of new materials, their decline in price, along with the development of 3D printing. It also requires optimization of software, that will make it easier and faster to produce new machines.