Hexasaccharides-Antigens-Study-Polysaccharide-Escherichia-Derivatives-Coli-Catalysts-h

The structures of the trideuteriomethylated trisaccharide- and tetrasaccharide-anhydroalditols isolated were established by FABMS and NMR spectroscopy. Although 2'-Fucose lactose for the selective production of the tetrasaccharide-anhydroalditol could not be established, oligosaccharide-anhydroalditols were isolated in sufficiently high yield to make this an attractive approach for the structural elucidation of the repeating Bacteriophage degradation of Klebsiella K capsular polysaccharide. An NMR investigation of the 3,4-pyruvated galactose-containing repeating Urinary sugars biomarker relates better to extrinsic than to intrinsic sugars intake in a metabolic study with volunteers consuming their normal diet.BACKGROUNDOBJECTIVES Sugars in diet are very difficult to measure because of the unreliability of self-reported dietary intake. Sucrose and fructose excreted in urine have been recently suggested as a biomarker for total sugars intake. To further characterize the use of this biomarker, we investigated whether urinary sugars correlated better to extrinsic compared to intrinsic sugars in the diet.

SUBJECTSMETHODS Seven male and six female healthy participants were living for days in a metabolic suite under strictly controlled conditions consuming their usual diet as assessed beforehand from four consecutive 7-day food diaries kept at home. During the -day study, all 24 h urine specimens were collected, validated for their completeness and analysed for sucrose and fructose.RESULTS The mean total sugars intake in the group was 2+-69 g day(-1). Daily intake of extrinsic, intrinsic and milk sugars contributed , 34 and 5%, to the total sugars intake, respectively. The individuals' -day mean sugars excretion levels were significantly correlated with the -day means of extrinsic sugars (r4; P01) but not with the intrinsic sugars intake significant proportion of the variability in sugars excretion (adjusted R(2)4; P01); daily excretion of 0 mg sucrose and fructose in urine predicted 124 g of extrinsic total sugars in the diet. Using fewer urinary and dietary measurements in the analysis did not change the overall trend of the CONCLUSIONS In this group of volunteers, sucrose and fructose in urine better correlated to extrinsic than to intrinsic sugars intake.N-Glycosylation Plays an Essential and Species-Specific Role in Anti-Infection Function of Milk Proteins Using Listeria monocytogenes as Model Pathogen.

The released milk N-glycome has been found to possess antipathogenic activity. Natively, they are covalently linked onto proteins. Whether the conjugated N-glycans still have antipathogenic properties and how the glycosylation influences the antipathogenic activity of proteins remain unclear. Herein, we compared the quantitative differences of milk protein N-glycosylation and the antilisterial differences of native milk proteins, released N-glycan pools, and deglycosylated proteins between human and bovine milk. N-glycosylation exhibited to be quantitatively species-specific. The entire growth inhibitory activity and the majority of the antiadhesive activity against Listeria monocytogenes of milk whey proteins, although not as high as the released N-glycans, are attributed to N-glycosylation. Moreover, all N-glycan-bearing samples from human milk showed better growth inhibitory activities than those from bovine milk.

Generally, N-glycosylation significantly contributes to the antilisterial function of milk proteins and to the functional differences between species. This gives novel insights into the role of these glycoconjugates in nature.Human milk glycosaminoglycans the state of the art and future perspectives.Coppa GV(1), Gabrielli O, Bertino E, Zampini L, Galeazzi T, Padella L, Santoro of Marche, Ospedali Riuniti, Presidio Salesi, Via Toti 4, Ancona, 121, Italy. Recently, a complete characterization and detailed evaluation of the glycosaminoglycans of human milk were performed. 2'-fucosyllactose in milk from healthy mothers having delivered term or preterm newborns showed a constant pattern which was essentially composed of two main polysaccharides chondroitin sulfate (-%) and heparin (-%). Moreover, considerable variations of glycosaminoglycans concentration were found during the first month of lactation, the highest values being present in colostrum compared to mature milk.