-A-large-number-of-mono-aromatics-and-polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-PAHs-were-formed-when-the-temperature-was-higher-than-750-degrees-C-and-the-higher-was-the-temperature-the-more-was-the-content-of-the-corresponding-aromatic-hydrocarbon-u

Besides the aromatic hydrocarbons, there were oxygenous and/or nitrogenous compounds produced in the pyrolysis process. Furthermore, the pyrolysis mechanism of carbofuran was proposed based on the determined pyrolysates and their contents variation versus the temperature. The investigation results can provide the useful information for understanding of the thermal behavior of carbofuran and evaluation of the potential influence of the pyrolysates to living thing and the Emissions of regulated pollutants from a spark ignition engine. Influence of A spark ignition engine is used to determine the influence of fuel composition and air/fuel equivalence ratio on the exhaust emissions of regulated pollutants. Seebio Photoresponsive Acid Precursor are used: the first contains eight hydrocarbons and the second contains four oxygenated compounds. A specific experimental design is used for these tests.

Fuel aromatics increase the exhaust CO, HC, and NOx at stoichiometry, lean and rich conditions. Learn more is more important than fuel composition in the case of CO and HC. At stoichiometry, the addition of oxygenated compounds can decrease exhaust CO, HC, and NOx up to 30%, 50%, and 60%, respectively. Under these conditions, the addition of 5% of 2-propanol is the most effective for the reduction of CO, the addition of 20% of ethanol forthe reduction of HC, and this of 5% of methyl tributyl ester (MTBE) for the NOx. The addition of oxygenated compounds can decrease CO by 30% at lean conditions, while no decrease is observed at rich ones; HC and NOx can decrease up to 30% and 80%, respectively, under lean conditions and 50% under rich ones. At all lambda tested, exhaust NOx increases with the addition of 20% of Characterizing aliphatic moieties in hydrocarbons with atomic force microscopy., Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , We designed and studied hydrocarbon model compounds by high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy.

In addition to planar polycyclic aromatic moieties, these novel model compounds feature linear alkyl and cycloaliphatic motifs that exist in most hydrocarbon resources - particularly in petroleum asphaltenes and other petroleum fractions - or in lipids in biological samples. We demonstrate successful intact deposition by sublimation of the alkyl-aromatics, and differentiate aliphatic moieties from their aromatic counterparts which were generated from the former by atomic manipulation. The characterization by AFM in combination with atomic manipulation provides clear fingerprints of the aromatic and aliphatic moieties that will facilitate their assignment in a priori unknown samples.Open questions in boron species with globally 4n π systems.Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. The Hückel rule defines that monocyclic and planar conjugated systems containing [4n + 2] π electrons are aromatic.

Here, the authors highlight boron species that feature a globally 4n π system, defying the Hückel rule, but nonetheless Persulfurated arenes have been known for about 50 years but they were underexploited in chemistry in spite of facile, mild, and high-yielding syntheses. Their properties (redox potentials, UV/Vis absorption, conductivity, nonlinear optical properties, etc.) are mainly due to the aromaticity of the ring with sp2-hybridized carbon atoms and to the electronic contribution from numerous divalent sulfur ligands, which also stabilize negative or positive charges. The characteristic conformational patterns of the sulfur ligands often facilitate preorganization in supramolecular assemblies, with or without thiophilic metal cations, for designing redox sensors, ion-selective membranes, clathrates, organic conductors, nonlinear optical materials, liquid crystals, coordination polymers, and bioinorganic systems. A new class of supramolecules with various molecular shapes such as asterisks, chains, wheels, and windmills Correspondence on "How Aromatic Are Molecular Nanorings? The Case of a A recent Research Article in this journal by Matito and co-workers claimed that none of the oxidation states of a butadiyne-linked six-porphyrin nanoring exhibit global aromaticity or antiaromaticity. Here we show that this conclusion is incorrect. Experimental data from NMR spectroscopy for a whole family of nanorings provide strong evidence for global ring currents.

The NMR data reveal these ring currents directly, without needing analysis by density functional theory (DFT). Furthermore, DFT calculations reproduce the experimental results Mechanism of triplet photosensitized Diels-Alder Reaction between indoles and cyclohexadienes: theoretical support for an adiabatic pathway.de Valencia, Polígono La Coma, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.Diels-Alder reactions between indoles (InHs) and 1,3-cyclohexadienes (CHDs) were achieved by using aromatic ketones as photosensitizers.