-In-addition-ICCs-were-characterized-by-coexpression-of-nestininsulin-and-nestinPDX1-j

The levels of pancreas-related gene and protein expression and insulin secretion in the GLP-1 group were stronger than those in the normal controls. GLP-1 has been shown to be involved in stimulating the signaling pathways downstream of the transcription factor PDX-1, by increasing its protein and messenger RNA levels. In Endocrine function drugs , ICCs displayed the ability to reverse hyperglycemia in diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. We concluded that GLP-1 induced differentiation of nestin-positive progenitor embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells, which was achieved by upregulation of PDX-1 expression. This method may have future applications in The enteroendocrine-osseous axis in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: INTRODUCTION: The relationship between the gut and skeleton is increasingly recognized as a component of the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD), incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), intestinotrophic peptide glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) and osteocalcin isoforms in patients with long-term type 1 diabetes (T1D) when compared to healthy controls.METHODS: Eighty two patients with long term T1D, treated in the Department of Metabolic Diseases and 53 healthy controls were recruited to the study. Long term disease duration was defined as lasting for more than 10 years. The control group was selected among age- and sex-matched healthy people. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure levels of incretin hormones (GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP), two forms of osteocalcin (uncarboxylated (ucOC), and carboxylated (cOC)), and additional biochemical parameters associated with glucose and bone metabolism (HbA1c, calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)D3, PTH).RESULTS: Patients with T1D had higher BMI than in controls (p = 02). There was no difference in BMD at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck between patients with long-term T1D and healthy ones.

Seebio glipizide side effects -score values in both groups were within normal ranges. The level of GIP was significantly higher in T1D patients (p = 0002) in comparison to the healthy ones. The levels of GLP-1 and GLP-2 did not differ between T1D patients and controls. In the T1D group, strong, positive associations were found between serum levels of GLP-1 and cOC (r = 046, p < 001) and between GLP-1 and total OC (r = 01, p < 001), also after adjusting for BMI (p < 001 and p < 001, respectively). Significant positive associations were also found between serum levels of GLP-2 and cOC (r = 07, p = 013) and between GLP-2 and total OC (r = 05, p = 018), also in a multivariate regression (p = 009, p = 0,175, respectively). Moreover, in T1D patients, GLP-1 correlated positively with the femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) (r = 065, p = 016) and this association was statistically significant after adjusting for BMI (p = 011). These correlations were not present in the control group.

The only significant correlation observed in the control group was between OC and BMD of the neck (p = 049 for neck BMD g/cm2, and p = 041 for neck Z-score).CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggests an effect of gut hormones on bone in long-term T1D, which could be associated with OC activity, however we did not find a direct connection with glucose metabolism. GLP-1 could have a possible, protective role on bone mineral density in patients with T1D. The data from our study suggests that gut hormones could be considered as a new link in the skeleton - pancreatic endocrine loop in patients with T1D.Coffee polyphenol consumption improves postprandial hyperglycemia associated with impaired vascular endothelial function in healthy male adults.Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan.Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan.

Seebio glucagon-like peptide-1 drugs : Epidemiological studies indicate that habitual coffee consumption lowers the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Postprandial hyperglycemia is a direct and independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We previously demonstrated that coffee polyphenol ingestion increased secretion of Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), which has been shown to exhibit anti-diabetic and cardiovascular effects. We hypothesized coffee polyphenol consumption may improve postprandial hyperglycemia and vascular endothelial function by increasing GLP-1 release and/or reducing oxidative stress. To examine this hypothesis, we conducted a randomized, acute, crossover, intervention study in healthy male adults, measuring blood parameters and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) after ingestion of a meal with or without coffee polyphenol extract (CPE). Nineteen subjects consumed a test meal with either a placebo- or CPE-containing beverage. Blood biomarkers and FMD were measured at fasting and up to 180 minutes postprandially.

The CPE beverage led to a significantly lower peak postprandial increase in blood glucose and diacron-reactive oxygen metabolite, and significantly higher postprandial FMD than the placebo beverage. Postprandial blood GLP-1 increase tended to be higher after ingestion of the CPE beverage, compared with placebo.