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Types of Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety disorders are diagnosed when fear or anxiety is excessive, persistent and affecting daily life. Treatments include medication and talk therapy or psychotherapy.

First, consult your doctor to rule any physical issues out which could be causing your symptoms. A psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the type of anxiety disorder that you have.

Generalized anxiety disorder

Everyone is anxious every at times, and there can be good reasons to worry about things like job responsibilities, health or financial. When the worry becomes constant and consumes your life, it could be a more serious anxiety disorder, also known as generalized anxiety disorder. People with GAD have fears that influence their lives for the rest of their lives and are often difficult to control. They tend to expect the worst and assume that minor issues will turn into major catastrophes. GAD can be experienced by anyone, and typically begins in childhood or adolescence, but can occur at any age. It is twice as prevalent for women and in those who are born female.

GAD can cause physical symptoms, such as stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also hinder work and social activities, leading people to avoid friends or family and cause an eroding of self-esteem. People who suffer from chronic, severe GAD are at a greater risk of depression. However treatment can help manage both conditions.

While the root of anxiety disorders is not known, they appear to be related to genes and changes in brain structure, which affect how your body responds to stress. Some experts believe an imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain also plays in.

Although there is no cure for GAD, the condition can be managed by psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, encompasses different methods that help you identify and modify negative thoughts, emotions and behaviours. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a type of talk therapy that can help you to understand and control your thoughts and patterns of thinking that are distorted and decrease your fear by engaging them. The use of medicines can ease some physical symptoms, such as dizziness and heart palpitations. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and certain medications used to treat seizures, like hydroxyzine.

GAD is difficult to diagnose, but it is important to seek help when you are worried or if other symptoms of the condition are apparent. It is simpler to treat it if you seek help early, before the anxiety and physical symptoms begin to affect your life.

Panic disorder

This anxiety disorder is characterised by sudden, intense sensations of fear and terror (panic attacks) that peak within a matter of minutes. People with this disorder may also experience chest discomfort, breathlessness or feeling like their heart is pounding or fluttering ("heart palpitations"). They worry that the symptoms they are experiencing could be signs of a heart attack. People who have panic disorder are at risk of developing other anxiety disorders and could be more susceptible to depression and other health issues, such as asthma or hyperthyroidism.





The root cause of anxiety disorders isn't fully understood however, experts believe that they develop from a combination of factors. Some studies suggest that they may be caused by brain circuits that regulate emotions and fear. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences like childhood abuse or traumatic events are the most common causes of anxiety disorder. Many people suffering from anxiety disorders have a first degree family member who suffers from the disorder.

People suffering from anxiety disorders can be anxious all the time even when they realize that their fears are not rational. This can create issues in social settings at work, or at school. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders also have trouble sleeping or eating well. They might also experience tension in their muscles, irritability and difficulties concentrating.

A person with generalized anxiety disorder is likely to be plagued by numerous worries regarding everyday tasks, such as the demands of their job or family issues. They might also feel anxious, easily fatigued or have difficulty concentrating. They might also worry about their safety or that of others.

The good news is that there are effective treatments for anxiety disorders. The treatments include medicine psychotherapy, psychotherapy and other complementary health methods. A mental health professional can assist you to determine what disorder is causing your symptoms and suggest the right treatment. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy can help you understand how to deal with your anxiety and reduce the number of panic attacks you experience. There are a variety of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy as well as exposure response preventative. These treatments can be carried out individually or in groups.

Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can interfere with daily life. It can cause intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations. It can appear in early adulthood, but it usually starts in childhood. It is usually manifested as a fear of certain social situations, like talking in class or going out on date, but it could be more generalized, and include the avoidance of situations that could result in being perceived as a failure by other people.

While the person with SAD realizes that their fear is not rational, they feel powerless to overcome it. They attempt to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them feel even more anxious. They might also develop "safety behaviours" to try to reduce their anxiety, like drinking alcohol, being quiet and avoid eye contact.

In addition to the psychological treatments, some people suffering from SAD can benefit from medication. These antidepressants can help regulate some neurotransmitters within the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).

If you or someone you know has social anxiety disorder, it's crucial to seek treatment. The condition can be fatal when left untreated, and could cause mental health issues like depression and addiction to substances. If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, dial 911 or your local crisis line or text TALK to 741741 to speak to a trained crisis counselor.

Anxiety disorders are extremely treatable, but only about 1 out of four people who require treatment receive it. Treatment is hindered by a lack of awareness about anxiety disorders, a lack of investment in mental services, and stigma. It's also crucial to ensure that your doctor is aware of the different types of anxiety disorders to ensure that you will be treated and diagnosed appropriately. Your doctor should refer you to a mental health professional if you are unsure whether you have an anxiety disorder. You can also utilize an online tool to screen.

Specific phobias

A person with specific fear has a constant and intense fear of one or more objects, situations, animals, or other people. These fears are usually in contrast to the dangers that the object or circumstance presents, but they may cause distress and interfere in everyday functioning. Specific phobias differ from other anxiety disorders because they involve anxiety about one stimulus, instead of multiple stimuli. The feared object or situation could range from heights, dogs, flying to injections to crowds. This condition occurs worldwide and is more common in males than women, and can start in adolescence or childhood. Specific phobias are not irrational fears but the fear is real.

Children with specific fears usually overcome them. However when the fear persists into adulthood it can be difficult to treat. Doctors identify the disorder by examining the symptoms and how they impact the way they function in their daily lives. Before diagnosing a phobia doctors exclude other conditions that have similar symptoms such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorders. In earlier editions of DSM adults were required to recognize their fears that were irrational as part of the diagnosis process. However the 2013 edition states that this requirement is no longer needed for adults.

There are two kinds of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavior therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy concentrates on changing the way people respond to their fears and teaches them healthier coping strategies. Exposure-based therapy is the gradual and systematic exposure to the feared object or situation. Patients may begin by thinking about the object or situation before moving on to looking at images of the subject. They may then take an action towards it (such as walking past an elevator) or holding a toy snake, going to a zoo for a look at real snakes and finally riding in a crowded elevator. While this type of therapy is not able to alleviate phobias but it can dramatically reduce the intensity of its symptoms.

Psychotherapy and medication like antidepressants or anti-anxiety medication are also options to treat certain phobias. These therapies are often reported to be effective by people with specific phobias.