CASE-REPORT-A-37yearold-woman-with-Type-2-diabetes-mellitus-who-had-been-taking-liraglutide-for-2years-was-admitted-in-the-13th-week-of-gestation-c

Liraglutide was immediately discontinued and intensive insulin therapy instituted. The woman gave birth to a healthy child after completing an CONCLUSION: Although the present normal pregnancy outcome does not mean that glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues are safe to use in pregnancy, this report contributes to the limited knowledge regarding human exposure to these drugs during pregnancy in women with diabetes.Effects of physiological hyperglycemia on duodenal motility and flow events, glucose absorption, and incretin secretion in healthy humans.Building, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.CONTEXT: Acute hyperglycemia slows gastric emptying, but its effects on small intestinal motor activity and glucose absorption are unknown. In type 2 diabetes, the postprandial secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is preserved, but that of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is possibly reduced; whether the latter is secondary to hyperglycemia or diabetes AIM: The aim was to investigate the effects of acute hyperglycemia on duodenal motility and flow events, glucose absorption, and incretin hormone secretion.

METHODS: Nine healthy volunteers were studied on two occasions. A combined manometry/impedance catheter was positioned in the duodenum. Blood glucose was clamped at either 9 mmol/liter (hyperglycemia) or 5 mmol/liter (euglycemia) throughout the study. Manometry and impedance recordings continued between T=-10 min and T=180 min. Between T=0 and 60 min, an intraduodenal glucose infusion was given (approximately 3 kcal/min), together with 14C-labeled 3-O-methylglucose (3-OMG) to evaluate glucose absorption.RESULTS: Hyperglycemia had no effect on duodenal pressure waves or flow events during the 60 min of intraduodenal glucose infusion, when compared to euglycemia. During hyperglycemia, there was an increase in plasma GIP (P<05) and 14C-3-OMG (P<05) but no effect on GLP-1 concentrations in response to the intraduodenal infusion, compared to euglycemia.

Endocrine function drugs : Acute hyperglycemia in the physiological range has no effect on duodenal pressure waves and flow events but is associated with increased GIP secretion and rate of glucose absorption in response to intraduodenal glucose.Growth differentiation factor-15, treatment with liraglutide, and clinical outcomes among patients with heart failure.School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.AIMS: Associations between growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), cardiovascular outcomes, and exercise capacity among patients with a recent hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are unknown. We utilized data from the 'Functional Impact of GLP-1 for Heart Failure Treatment' (FIGHT) study to address these knowledge METHODS AND RESULTS: FIGHT was a randomized clinical trial testing the effect of liraglutide (vs. placebo) among 300 participants with HFrEF and a recent HHF. Multivariable regression models evaluated associations between baseline GDF-15 and change in GDF-15 (per 1000 pg/mL increase from baseline to 30 days) with clinical outcomes (at 180 days) and declines in exercise capacity (6 min walk distance ≥ 45 m).

At baseline (n = 249), median GDF-15 value was 3221 pg/mL (interquartile range 1938-5511 pg/mL). Participants in the highest tertile of baseline GDF-15 were more likely to be male and have more co-morbidities. After adjustment, an increase in GDF-15 over 30 days was associated with higher risk of death or HHF [hazard ratio 15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11-14]. In addition, higher baseline GDF-15 (per 1000 pg/mL until 6000 pg/mL) and an increase in GDF-15 over 30 days were associated with declining 6 min walk distance (odds ratio 16, 95% CI 12-15 and odds ratio 17, 95% CI 12-19, respectively). GDF-15 levels remained stable among participants CONCLUSIONS: An increase in GDF-15 over 30 days among patients in HFrEF was independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and declining exercise capacity. These results support the value of longitudinal GDF-15 trajectory in informing risk of heart failure disease progression.behalf of European Society of Cardiology.

Conflict of interest statement: A.S. reports receiving support from Canada Institute for Health Research ‐ (Grant Number: 175095), the Fonds de Recherche Santé Quebec (FRSQ) Junior 1 clinician scholars programme, Alberta Innovates Health Solution, European Society of Cardiology young investigator grant, Roche Diagnostics, Boeringer‐Ingelheim, Novartis, and Takeda. M.F. reports consulting fees from AxonTherapies and Daxor. R.

M. reported honoraria from Roche. S.J.G. has received a Heart Failure Society of America/Emergency Medicine Foundation Acute Heart Failure Young Investigator Award funded by Novartis; has received research support from Amgen, Bristol‐Myers Squibb, and Novartis; serves on advisory boards for Amgen and Cytokinetics; and serves as a consultant for Amgen and Merck. There are glp 1 agonist to disclose.