Case-Chains-Part-Structures-Antenna-X-y
The manno-oligosaccharide pattern of part of the hybrid- and oligomannose-type structures indicates that besides the usual N-glycan processing route, also the alternative endo-mannosidase pathway is followed. The small core 1-type O-glycans showed the usual (alpha2-3)- and Is stored expressed breast milk an alternative for working Egyptian mothersExpression and storage of breast milk is way to maintain breastfeeding when mother and infant are separated, if the nutritional value can be conserved. Three expressed breast milk samples were collected from 61 healthy lactating mothers in Cairo, Egypt, for determination of total protein, fat, lactose and zinc content, as well as vitamins C, A and E concentrations. One sample was analysed immediately without storage, 1 after storage for 24 hours in a refrigerator (4 degrees C) and 1 after storage for 1 week in a home freezer (-4 degrees C to -8 degrees C). Refrigeration and freezing of breast milk caused a statistically significant decline in levels of vitamins C, A and E. Nevertheless, the values of all nutrients were still within the international reference ranges for mature breast milk.
De novo biosynthesis of 2'-fucosyllactose in a metabolically engineered Escherichia coli using a novel ɑ1,2-fucosyltransferase from Azospirillum Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China.Human milk oligosaccharides are complex, indigestible oligosaccharides that provide ideal nutrition for infant development. Here, 2'-fucosyllactose was efficiently produced in Escherichia coli by using a biosynthetic pathway. For this, both lacZ and wcaJ (encoding β-galactosidase and UDP-glucose lipid carrier transferase, respectively) were deleted to enhance the 2'-fucosyllactose biosynthesis. To further enhance 2'-fucosyllactose production, SAMT from Azospirillum lipoferum was inserted into the chromosome of the engineered strain, and the native promoter was replaced with a strong constitutive promoter introducing the regulators rcsA and rcsB into the recombinant strains. Compared to wbgL-based strains, only 2'-fucosyllactose was produced in SAMT-based strains without other by-products. Finally, the highest titer of 2'-fucosyllactose reached 1126 gL in a 5 L bioreactor by fed-batch cultivation, with a productivity of 1.
gLh and a yield of8 molmol lactose, indicating a strong potential in industrial production.Conflict of interest statement Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this PCR-ELISA II Analysis of Bifidobacterium populations in human faecal samples from a consumption trial with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 and a Syst Appl Microbiol. 03 Mar;26(1)154-5.A PCR-ELISA method was extended for detection of most common Bifidobacterium species in humans and applied to a feeding trial including administration of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 and galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS)-containing syrup as probiotic and prebiotic preparations, respectively. For PCR-ELISA, oligonucleotide probes based on 16S rDNA sequences were designed and tested for specificity and sensitivity with nine different bifidobacterial species followed by analysis of faecal samples. Bifidobacteria were monitored for their fluctuations during and after the feeding trial. Bifidobacterium longum was the most common species found in the faecal samples, followed by B.
adolescentis and B. bifidum. During 2'-FL of the probiotic B. lactis Bb-12, the strain appeared in the faeces but was absent again one week after finishing of the trial. The species that were observed in the faecal samples taken prior to the feeding experiments persisted also in samples derived from the pre-feeding and feeding periods. The most consistent change observed was the decrease in the relative amount of B. longum in the test group ingesting either B.
lactis Bb-12 alone or in combination with GOS-syrup. Since the amounts of B. longum increased again in the post-feeding sample with these subjects, it may suggest that to S-fimbriae from Escherichia coli bind to soluble glycoproteins from human milk.BACKGROUND Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains, expressing S-fimbriae, belong to the most common gram-negative pathogens that cause sepsis and meningitis in neonates. The attachment of S-fimbriae to the cell surface is mediated by membrane glycoconjugates, which often carry N-acetylneuraminic acid.METHODS Binding studies were performed with glycoproteins from the whey fraction of human milk to investigate whether they exert a potential inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion.
