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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most prevalent mental health conditions, affecting 40 million adults in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat it.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. They aren't addictive, unlike benzodiazepines.

SSRIs

The most popular anxiety medications are selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These medications can also treat depression, and they can alleviate the symptoms of other anxiety disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). They can take up to a month for them to begin to work.

They work by increasing the amount of certain chemical messengers within the brain, such as serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first choice to treat anxiety, but doctors can also prescribe other kinds of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants like duloxetine (Cymbalta), and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They differ from SSRIs since they reduce norepinephrine but at a lower level than SSRIs. They can take a while to begin taking effects, and they are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine Tofranil, can be effective in treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, as well as other side effects are what make them less well-liked. Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) are a different kind of antidepressant that can be used to treat anxiety. They are a high risk of toxicity and restrictions on diets limit their use.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can trigger tolerance and addiction, sedation and apathy, and withdrawal reactions that can cause rebound depression, anxiety, and even delirium. Benzodiazepines are typically found in alprazolam, clonazepam, and lorazepam.

Therapy is an essential part of any anxiety treatment plan. It helps you to better understand your symptoms and their reasons. Many people discover that medication and therapy both help them cope. In fact, some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy works just as well as medication for anxiety. Talk with your doctor about your options and what is the best option for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines produce an calming effect, which can reduce anxiety and relax tense muscles. They also ease symptoms of bodily arousal related to fear (like heart racing and trembling) and promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, such as GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They enhance the effects of GABA by activating its inhibitory effect on other neurotransmitters and decreasing the amount of messages that are that are sent to the amygdala. a region of the brain which detects threats and gives the feeling of fear.

These medications are typically taken for short durations like a panic attack or severe anxiety episodes. They can help ease the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Contrary to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for very long. They're quick-acting and can be effective in a matter of hours. This makes them suitable for situations where quick relief is required (such for instance, on an airplane or before giving a presentation in public).

They are addictive, which is why it is recommended to only prescribe them for a maximum of 4 weeks at a time. They also lose effectiveness after a certain period of time.





One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have fewer adverse effects when compared to their predecessors such as barbiturates and meprobamate. herbal treatment for anxiety are fast in the time to begin their action and are very useful as anxiolytics (anti-anxiety), sedatives, anticonvulsants and as muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, which included the stigmatization of anxiety and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment can lead to physical dependence. However, they continue to play a crucial role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, particularly when used in combination with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos may interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects, such as drowsiness and confusion. It is essential to inform your doctor know about any other prescription, non-prescription, or herbal medicines you're considering or taking. Go through the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medicines are safe to take with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can be effective in treating anxiety and other mental disorders. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved many antidepressants to treat other ailments, too, such as eating disorders, certain types of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment option for anxiety by doctors, but they might not be effective for all people. If these antidepressants don't work doctors may suggest an older version called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine, trimipramine, doxepin and dothiepin or imipramine. These antidepressants aren't as common but still available. Your doctor can prescribe the sedating antidepressant Trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses to treat anxiety or insomnia.

Nefazodone, also referred to as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be helpful. These drugs are also available in generic form. If they don't help your doctor, he may suggest the antipsychotics quetiapine and olanzapine or the sedating antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Other medications for anxiety disorders include beta blockers, which decrease the blood pressure and heart rate by blocking the action of adrenaline. These drugs are not usually used to treat anxiety alone, but they can be effective if coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy can help you to alter negative thoughts and behaviors that cause anxiety. It can help you control your anxiety and learn strategies for coping. Based on the severity of your problem exposure therapy or cognitive behavior therapy could be suggested. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches you to confront fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your avoidance of situations which trigger anxiety. Exposure therapy is the process of increasing the anxiety-inducing situations until they become manageable. It can be done either in a group, or by yourself. In both cases it takes time to demonstrate results. Some people find that a combination of psychotherapy and medication is the best option. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to control symptoms. It is important to inform your doctor what you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers, antihistamines and buspirone are all prescribed to alleviate anxiety.

These drugs correct an imbalance in the brain's chemicals and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that can cause stress and fear. However, they're not an all-in-one solution. You'll need to continue doing other things to reduce your anxiety, like physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and psychological therapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your first choice of anxiety medications that your doctor may prescribe. According to research, these medications are the most effective in treating anxiety disorders. SSRIs are usually found in sertraline (Zoloft), fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These drugs can cause mild side effects such as nausea and insomnia, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. Unlike the benzodiazepines, they're not addictive and don't increase the risk of suicidal thoughts.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) and Clonazepam (Klonopin) and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety However, they can cause negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're not as popular over the more traditional barbiturates but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines, such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) are developed to relieve allergies, but they're also sometimes used to ease anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain and can cause an energizing effect. It is not a controlled drug and therefore does not have the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants, which have been shown to ease anxiety by affecting the release and production of serotonin and dopamine. These medications may be prescribed as part of an integrated therapy or to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine if these drugs are appropriate for you. They'll also discuss how long you should take them and any possible adverse effects. Anxiety medications are only available on prescription, so you'll need to see a psychiatrist to get these medications.