Comparison-of-appetite-responses-to-high-and-lowglycemic-index-postexercise-meals-under-matched-insulinemia-and-fiber-in-type-1-diabetes-n

DJW, and EJS) and the Brain, Performance and Nutrition Research Centre (JTG and EJS), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom, and the Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom (MW and JAS).BACKGROUND: Patients with type 1 diabetes face heightened risk of hypoglycemia after exercise. Subsequent overfeeding, as a preventative measure against hypoglycemia, negates the energy deficit after exercise. Patients are also required to reduce the insulin dose administered with postexercise foods to further combat hypoglycemia. However, the insulin dose is dictated solely by the carbohydrate content, even though postprandial glycemia is vastly influenced by glycemic index (GI). With API Hormones and Regulation to control the postexercise energy balance, appetite responses after meals differing in GI are of particular interest.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed the appetite response to low-glycemic index (LGI) and high-glycemic index (HGI) postexercise meals in type 1 diabetes patients. This assessment also offered us the opportunity to evaluate the influence of GI on appetite responses independently of insulinemia, which confounds findings in DESIGN: Ten physically active men with type 1 diabetes completed 2 trials in a randomized crossover design. After 45 min of treadmill exercise at 70% of the peak oxygen uptake, participants consumed an LGI (GI ∼37) or HGI (GI ∼92) meal with a matched macronutrient composition, negligible fiber content, and standardized insulin-dose administration. The postprandial appetite response was determined for 180 min postmeal. During this time, circulating glucose, insulin, glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations and subjective RESULTS: The HGI meal produced an ∼60% greater postprandial glucose area under the curve (AUC) than did the LGI meal (P = 008). Insulin, glucagon, and GLP-1 did not significantly differ between trials (P > 05). The fullness AUC was ∼25% greater after the HGI meal than after the LGI meal (P < 001), whereas hunger sensations were ∼9% lower after the HGI meal than after the LGI meal (P = CONCLUSION: Under conditions of matched insulinemia and fiber, an HGI postexercise meal suppresses feelings of hunger and augments postprandial fullness sensations more so than an otherwise equivalent LGI meal in type 1 Review on Chemistry, Analysis and Pharmacology of Teneligliptin: A Novel DPP-4 This article provides comprehensive and collective facts about teneligliptin.

Teneligliptin is a dipeptide peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that belongs to the third generation, used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It inhibits human DPP-4 enzyme activity. This drug falls under class 3; it interacts with S1, S2, and S2E extensive sub-sites. Teneligliptin and its metabolites are mainly determined in the human plasma matrix by hyphenated chromatographic methods. These developed methods could be foreseen for their clinical applications. Moreover, the stress degradation studies of Teneligliptin under different stress conditions provide an insight into degradation pathways and help in the elucidation of the structure of the degradation products by liquid mass spectroscopy. These methods are also used for routine quality control analysis of teneligliptin in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Potential therapeutic value of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in diabetes mellitus and obesity.Diabetes mellitus and obesity, which is a major risk factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, have reached epidemic proportions worldwide including the USA. semaglutide results and forecasts, both short- and long-term, are alarming and predict severe problems in the near future. Therefore, there is a race for developing new compounds, discovering new receptors, or finding alternative solutions to prevent and/or treat the symptoms and complications related to obesity and diabetes mellitus. It is well demonstrated that members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily play a crucial role in a variety of biological functions both in health and disease. In the recent years, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) were shown to have beneficial effects on whole body metabolism including glucose homeostasis. TRPV1 and TRPA1 have been associated with control of weight, pancreatic function, hormone secretion, thermogenesis, and neuronal function, which suggest a potential therapeutic value of these channels.

This review summarizes recent findings regarding TRPV1 and TRPA1 in association with whole body metabolism with emphasis on obese and diabetic conditions.Conflict of interest statement: Conflict of interest The authors declare that [Elevated serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) has an important role in the carbohydrate metabolism with the degradation of incretin hormones.AIM: We assessed the serum DPP-4 activity both in fasting and postprandial condition in patients with type 1-, type 2 diabetes and healthy controls.METHODS: Serum DPP-4 activities were determined at fasting sate and at 60 and 180 minutes after test meal.