Effectiveness-Abg-Derivatization-Agent-Separation-Isomaltooligosaccharides-Hydrolysate-d
The minimum detectable quantities in the subpicomole range are demonstrated.Urinary oligosaccharides inhibit adhesion of E. coli onto canine urinary tract Canine urine fractions were tested for their capacity to release Escherichia coli from everted canine ureteral segments. Urine was effective in detaching epithelially-bound E. coli; the active principle was a small molecular weight carbohydrate. Treatment with lectins decreased the degree of E.
2'-fucosyllactose , which confirms the importance of the mucosal glycocalyx in adhesion. The adhesion-inhibition by the active components may be by competition, which implies that the bacteria-releasing sugars resemble the determinant sugar moieties on the epithelial glycocalyx.Studies on the glycosphingolipids of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera. II. Isolation and characterization of a novel ganglioside with an internal sialic 1. Three gangliosides, provisionally named Gangliosides 1, 2, and 3, were obtained from the lipid extract of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera by silicic acid, DEAE-Sephadex, and Iatrobeads column chromatography. The most abundant, Ganglioside 3 (37 microgramg wet weight of starfish) was isolated in the pure state and its chemical structure was studied.
2. The sugar composition of Ganglioside 3 consisted of arabinose, glucose, galactose, and sialic acid (as N-glycolylneuraminic acid) in a molar ratio of 1131. Three sialic acid-containing oligosaccharide fragments were isolated from partial acid hydrolysates of the ganglioside by Dowex 1 X 8 (acetate form) column chromatography and preparative paper chromatography, and identified as Gal leads to NeuGc, Gal (1 leads to 4)[Gal(1 leads to 8)]NeuGc and Ara-(1 leads to 6)Gal(1 leads to 4)[Gal(1 leads to 8)]NeuGc. 3. The structure of Ganglioside 3 was postulated to be Araf,p(1 leads to 6)Galpbeta(1 leads to 4)[Galpbeta(1 leads to 8)]NeuGc(2 leads to 3)Galpbeta(1 leads to 4)Glcpbeta(1 leads to 1)-ceramide. This is a unique structure with the sialic acid residue internally located in the sugar chain. 4.
The ganglioside contained saturated 2-hydroxy fatty acids ranging in length from C16 to C24, among which C22, C23, and C24 acids were predominant. The long-chain bases consisted exclusively of C16, C17, and C18 phytosphingosines of iso and anteiso types.DOI 3oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132526Inhibition of DRw antisera reactivity by mono and oligosaccharides.Mono and oligosaccharides were used to inhibit the cytotoxicity of antisera detecting HLA-DRw antigens on monocytes isolated from peripheral blood. Certain sugars preferentially inhibited antisera detecting some DRw antigens and not others.
Sera detecting HLA-A and B antigens were not inhibited with the sugars used. Anti-DRw sera blocked the attachment of radiolabeled sugars to monocytes with the same patterns as the reciprocal blocking of cytotoxicity by the sugars. The results were not consistent with the intrepretation that carbohydrates are an antigenic component of DRw specificity, but rather that the surface structures, possibly those bearing the DRw antigens, are receptors for mono and Myo-inositol, a cofactor in the biosynthesis of raffinose.Size and pH effects of chitooligomers on antibacterial activity against The antimicrobial activity of chitooligomers (COSs) has attracted considerable interest but there are few reports on antibacterial activity of each individual COS. This study focuses on investigating the size and pH effects of COS on its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of five single COSs and five COS fractions with narrow degrees of polymerization (DP) were determined at different pH mediums. The results revealed that the antibacterial activity of COS required structural essential with a DP of at least 5 and the inhibitory effect increased with increasing DP.
Lower pH value could enhance the antibacterial activity of COS. 2'-fucosyllactose with DP12 showed a MIC value of 62mgmL at pH 6, while the MIC value increased to 0 and mgmL at pH 6 and 7, respectively. The cell membrane integrity assay and SEM suggested that the COS with high DP could cause bacteria clustering and further lysis of cell.Cell surface oligosaccharide modulation during differentiation. I. Modulation of IMR- human lung fibroblasts exhibit quantitative and qualitative changes in their cell surface oligosaccharide expression as a result of low-density growth, contact inhibition of growth and changes in population doubling level (PDL).
