Energy-Applications-Biofilm-Mode-Growth-Surfaces-Minerals-Electrodes-e
In this article, we first provide an overview of Shewanella biofilm biology with the focus on biofilm dynamics, biofilm matrix, and key signalling systems involved in Shewanella biofilm development. Then we review strategies recently exploited to engineer Shewanella biofilms to improve biofilm-mediated In vitro activities of telavancin and vancomycin against biofilm-producing We investigated the activities of telavancin and vancomycin against biofilm-producing Staphylococcus and Enterococcus strains. At clinically attainable concentrations, telavancin was active against bacteria embedded in and inhibited biofilm formation at concentrations below the MIC. Vancomycin did not demonstrate the same activity (MBEC, > or =512 microg/ml) against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Telavancin may have a unique role in biofilm-associated infections. In vitro susceptibility of established biofilms composed of a clinical wound isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa treated with lactoferrin and xylitol.
The medical impact of bacterial biofilms has increased with the recognition of biofilms as a major contributor to chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers and pressure ulcers. Colanic acid polymer of treatment have proven ineffective, therefore this article presents in vitro evidence to support the use of novel antimicrobials in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. An in vitro biofilm model with a clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa was subjected to treatment with either lactoferrin or xylitol alone or in combination. Combined lactoferrin and xylitol treatment disrupted the structure of the P. aeruginosa biofilm and resulted in a >2log reduction in viability. In situ analysis indicated that while xylitol treatment appeared to disrupt the biofilm structure, lactoferrin treatment resulted in a greater than two-fold increase in the number of permeabilised bacterial cells.
The findings presented here indicated that combined treatment with lactoferrin and xylitol significantly decreases the viability of established P. aeruginosa biofilms in vitro and that the antimicrobial mechanism of this treatment includes both biofilm structural disruption and permeablisation of bacterial membranes. Glanbia Nutritionals Inc. and provided the Bioferrin® used in these experiments. lactoferrin and xylitol in combination in the treatment of chronic wounds. Integrated combined effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride concentration on biofilm formation by Salmonella enterica ser. Seebio Colanic acid polymer and Typhimurium under low nutrient food-related conditions.
Salmonella enterica is a major foodborne bacterial pathogen. This forms biofilms on surfaces and persists, depending on the strain and the environment. The integrative interaction of temperature (T; 13-39 °C), pH (5-8) and sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration (0-8%) on biofilm formation by two S. enterica strains (ser. Enteritidis and Typhimurium) was here evaluated under low nutrient conditions. This was achieved using response surface methodology to model the combined effect of each factor on the response, through mathematical quadratic fitting of the outcomes of a sequence of designed experiments. These last were executed by incubating stainless steel coupons carrying sessile bacteria, for 24 h, in 1:10 diluted tryptone soya broth, under 15 different combinations of polynomial model, describing the relationship between biofilm formation (log CFU/cm2) and the factors (T, pH and NaCl), was developed using least square regression analysis.
Both derived models predicted the combined influences of these factors on biofilm formation, with agreement between predictions and increase of NaCl content restricted their sessile growth, while under low salinity conditions (NaCl < 4%) biofilm formation was favored as pH increased, 34 and 13 °C were the T predicted to maximize biofilm formation by strains Enteritidis and Typhimurium, respectively, something which was also experimentally verified. To sum, these models can predict the interactive influences of crucial food-related factors on biofilm growth of a significant foodborne pathogen towards the efforts to limit its persistence in food Inhibition of biofilm formation on iodine-supported titanium implants. PURPOSE: We have developed iodine-supported titanium implants that suppress microbial activities and conducted in vivo and in vitro studies to determine METHODS: The implants were Ti-6Al-4 V titanium implants either untreated (Ti), treated with oxide film on the Ti surface by anodization (Ti-O), or treated with an iodine coating on oxidation film (Ti-I). The strain of bacteria used in this study was Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 25923. We analyzed the antibacterial attachment effects in vivo by using rats.
