Results-Microbiota-Profile-Presence-Microbiota-v

In the reduced microbiota, HMO treatment decreased NEC intestinal injury, and increased proliferation and stem cell activity. Additionally, in the complete absence of the microbiota, HMOs stimulated CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that HMOs promoted intestinal epithelial regeneration independent of the gut microbiota. These findings provide further insight into the various benefits HMOs may have in the protection against NEC.Human milk oligosaccharide effects on intestinal function and inflammation after Rasmussen SO(1), Martin L(2), Østergaard MV(1), Rudloff S(3), Roggenbuck M(4), University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 68, 18 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej , 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 68, 18 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Institute of Animal Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Free University Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195 Berlin, Germany.

Ludwigstraße 23, 353 Giessen, Germany.Universitetsparken 15, 20 Copenhagen, Denmark.University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 68, 18 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) may mediate prebiotic and anti-inflammatory effects in newborns. This is particularly important for preterm infants who are highly susceptible to intestinal dysfunction and necrotizing enterocolitis intestinal function, bacterial colonization and NEC resistance immediately after preterm birth, as tested in a preterm pig model. Mixtures of HMOs were investigated in intestinal epithelial cells and in preterm pigs (n=112) fed IF supplemented without (CON) or with a mixture of four HMOs (4-HMO) or 25 HMOs proliferation and both HMO blends decreased lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-8 secretion in IPEC-J2 cells, relative to control (P5). All HMOs were found in urine and feces of HMO-treated pigs, and short-chain fatty acids in the colon were higher in HMO vs. CON pigs (P5).

After 5 days, NEC lesions were similar between HMO and CON pigs and 25-HMO increased colon weights increased dehydration and diarrhea (P5) and expression of immune-related genes (IL, IL12, TGFβ, TLR4; P5). Bacterial adherence and diversity was CONCLUSION Complex HMO-blends affect intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and gut gene expression and fermentation in preterm pigs. However, the HMOs had limited effects on NEC and diarrhea when supplemented to IF. Longer-term exposure to HMOs may be required to improve the immature intestinal function in In vitro fermentation characteristics of select nondigestible oligosaccharides Vester Boler BM(1), Rossoni Serao MC, Faber TA, Bauer LL, Chow J, Murphy MR, This study sought to determine the fermentation potential of human milk oligosaccharides by mixed cultures of fecal microbiota from breast-fed (BF; n = 4) and formula-fed (FF; n = 4) infants. Infant fecal inocula were incubated with galactooligosaccharide (GOS), gum arabic (GA), HP inulin (HP), 2'-fucosyllactose LNnT had a lower pH than other substrates after 3 h (P 5). Total short chain fatty acids were greater in FF compared to BF infants at 6 h (P =3) and 12 h (P =1). GOS, 2'FL, and LNnT led to more lactate than 6'SL, HP, and GA (P 5).

Bifidobacteria populations were greater (P =2) in FF at 6 and 12 h. Overall, GOS, 2'FL, and LNnT were rapidly fermented by infant fecal inocula, 6'SL and HP had intermediate fermentability, while GA had little fermentation. Inocula from FF infants fermented substrates more rapidly than inocula from BF infants, which should be accounted for when evaluating substrate fermentability. 2'-Fucose lactose will aid in future infant formulas to promote optimal Term infant formula supplemented with milk-derived oligosaccharides shifts the gut microbiota closer to that of human milk-fed infants and improves intestinal immune defense a randomized controlled trial.Estorninos E(1), Lawenko RB(1), Palestroque E(1), Sprenger N(2), Benyacoub J(3), BACKGROUND Bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (MOS) containing primarily galacto-oligosaccharides with inherent concentrations of sialylated oligosaccharides can be added to infant formula to enhance the oligosaccharide OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of an MOS-supplemented infant formula on gut microbiota and intestinal immunity.METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, healthy term formula-fed infants aged 21-26 d either received an intact protein cow milk-based formula (control group, CG, n = 112) or the same formula containing 7 g MOSL (experimental group, EG, n = 114) until the age of 6 mo. Exclusively human milk-fed infants (HFI, n = ) from an observational study served as the reference.