Tamiflu-Structure-Acid-Analog-m

Tamiflu can inhibit the invasion of influenza viruses (swine flu and avian flu viruses) into the host cells by competition with sialic acid on the terminal position of the specific oligosaccharide on the surface of the host cell. Because of the emergence of Tamiflu resistance, the development of new potent anti-influenza inhibitors is needed. The inhibitors with positive-charge groups have potential as antiviral therapeutics, and the strain specificity must also be resolved.Designer biocatalysts for direct incorporation of exogenous galactose into Galactose is ubiquitous. The synthesis of galactose-containing oligosaccharides using Leloir galactosyltransferase requires uridine diphosphate (UDP)-galactose as the precursor. Of all UDP-galactose synthesis pathways developed for in vitro synthesis, the salvage pathway represents the simplest route.

In this study, for the first time, we designed and constructed an Escherichia coli strain to use salvage pathway for UDP-galactose synthesis, demonstrating effective and direct incorporation of exogenous galactose into globotriose (Gb3). Successful establishment of salvage pathway enabled a complete delineation of carbon and energy source. Consequently, the designed biocatalyst was able to achieve high yield synthesis from galactose 5 moles of Gb3moles galactose consumed) and a high product titer (2 gL) in shaker flask within 24 hr. human milk oligosaccharides of limitation in acceptor sugar via homologous overexpression of LacY, the transporter for lactose, further improved the synthesis, raising Gb3 titer to 6 gL in 24 hr and 7 gL in 48 hr. The design principles successfully demonstrated in this study could be broadly applied for synthesis of other galactose-containing oligosaccharides. This study also illustrates a valid strategy to overcome limitation in the transport of acceptor sugar. As lactose is one of the most important basal structures, the significant improvement in synthesis through its enhanced transport could be emulated in numerous other Isolation and characterization of alkali-labile oligosaccharide units from horse The O-glycosidically linked carbohydrate units of glycophorin derived from horse erythrocyte membrane were released as reduced oligosaccharides by alkaline borohydride treatment.

Purchase , two trisaccharides, and two disaccharides were purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Studies employing periodate oxidation, methylation analysis and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the following structures for these oligosaccharides; a tetrasaccharide; N-glycolylneuraminyl-(2 leads to 3)-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-[N-glycolylneuraminyl-(2 leads to 6)]-D-N-acetylgalactosaminitol, trisaccharides; N-glycolylneuraminyl-(2 leads to 3)-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-D-N-acetylgalactosaminitol and D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-[N-glycolylneuraminyl-(2 leads to 6)-a1-D-N-acetylgalactosaminitol, disaccharides; D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-D-N-acetylgalactosaminitol and N-glycolylneuraminyl-(2 leads to DOI 3oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132797Synthesis of a set of sulfated andor phosphorylated oligosaccharide derivatives from the carbohydrate-protein linkage region of proteoglycans.Sciences, Université d'Orléans, BP 6759, F-467 Orléans Cedex, France. The synthesis of a set of various sulfoforms andor phosphoforms as 7-methoxy-2-naphthyl glycosides of beta-D-Xylp, beta-D-Galp-(1--4)-beta-D-Xylp, and beta-D-Galp-(1--3)-beta-D-Galp-(1--4)-beta-D-Xylp, structures encountered in the common carbohydrate-protein linkage region of proteoglycans, is reported for the first time. These molecules will serve as probes for systematic studies of the substrate specificity of the glycosyltransferases involved in the early steps of the biosynthesis of proteoglycans.

A straightforward divergent preparation was achieved using key intermediates, which were designed as common Temperature-dependent variations and intraspecies diversity of the structure of the lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia pestis.Knirel YA(1), Lindner B, Vinogradov EV, Kocharova NA, Senchenkova SN, Shaikhutdinova RZ, Dentovskaya SV, Fursova NK, Bakhteeva IV, Titareva GM, Yersinia pestis spread throughout the Americas in the early th century, and it occurs predominantly as a single clone within this part of the world. However, within Eurasia and parts of Africa there is significant diversity among Y. pestis strains, which can be classified into different biovars (bv.) andor subspecies (ssp.), with bv. orientalisssp.

pestis most closely related to the American clone. To determine one aspect of the relatedness of these different Y.